A sauce is a liquid that has been thickened and flavored.  The right sauce can take a dish from plain and boring to something truly wonderful.  What is turkey without gravy, after all. Making a good sauce is a skill every home cook should master. Once you understand how they’re made, you won’t need a recipe to up your game.

In classical French cooking there are five ‘mother sauces’ that serve as a starting point for making a wide variety of sauces.  The five sauces are called mother sauces because each one gives rise to its own family of sauces.  Escoffier defines the mother sauces as:

  • Hollandaise – an emulsion of egg and butter. Variations include bearnaise and Dijon sauces.
  • Bechamel – milk, butter, and flour. Variations include cheese, mornay, and mustard sauces.
  • Veloute – light stock thickened with white roux. Variations include mushroom, allemande, and white wine sauces.
  • Espagnole – brown stock, softened mire poix, and thickened with brown roux. Variations include madeira, demi-glace, and lyonnaise sauces.
  • Tomat -salt pork and tomato sauce thickened with roux. Variations include creole and marinara sauces.

Some cooks add mayonnaise as a sixth sauce.  It is an emulsion of egg and oil, served cold.  Variations include remoulade and gribiche.

One of the keys to a good sauce is technique.  It can be hard to show techniques in static pictures and words, so KK and I decided to team up and make videos showing how to make each of the mother sauces. The videos will be coming soon.

What are your favorite sauces?